European Commission

The Commission presented an action plan responding to advanced AI models that can both improve and undermine cybersecurity. It plans an EU capacity to evaluate AI models, a European blueprint for structured access to advanced AI capabilities developed with ENISA, a secure ENISA-JRC platform to test AI for cybersecurity, AI-assisted vulnerability fixing, and a campaign to secure critical open-source software. ENISA published its own recommendations for the frontier AI era the same day.

Obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models under the EU AI Act, including systemic-risk duties to evaluate models, mitigate risks, report serious incidents and ensure cybersecurity, entered into application on August 2, 2025. The Commission's enforcement powers apply from August 2, 2026, and models placed on the market before August 2025 must comply by August 2, 2027.

The European Commission received the final General-Purpose AI Code of Practice, whose Safety and Security chapter applies to providers of models with systemic risk under Article 55 of the AI Act. The chapter treats cyber offence as one of four specified systemic risks, requires a security goal covering non-state external and insider threats, and sets serious incident reporting deadlines that include five days for serious cybersecurity breaches.